Menafsir Ulang Filsafat Hidup Batak Toba: Hamoraon, Hagabeon, dan Hasangapon dalam Perspektif Teologi Yohanes dan Impilkasinya bagi Pendidikan Agama Katolik

Abstract

Christian faith is always lived in dialogue with the concrete life context of believers, including local cultural values that shape perspectives on the meaning of life, success, and human dignity. In the context of Batak Toba society, life orientation is traditionally articulated through three core values: hamoraon, hagabeon, and hasangapon, which function both as a philosophy of life and as social norms. These values implicitly influence how students understand life, success, and blessing within Catholic Religious Education. However, systematic theological studies that reinterpret these values in the light of Johannine theology remain limited.

This study aims to reinterpret the Batak Toba philosophy of life: hamoraon, hagabeon, and hasangapon from the perspective of Johannine theology and to examine its implications for Catholic Religious Education. The research employs a qualitative approach using contextual theological methodology through a critical dialogue between Batak Toba cultural values and key theological themes in the Gospel of John, such as life (zoē), new birth, and glory (doxa).

The findings indicate that the Gospel of John does not negate Batak Toba cultural values but rather purifies and transforms them. Hamoraon is reinterpreted as an orientation toward abundant life grounded in relationship with God and others; hagabeon is understood as a call to the continuity of life in faith and birth from the Spirit; and hasangapon is redefined as Christian dignity rooted in love and self-giving rather than social prestige. This reinterpretation offers both theological and pedagogical contributions to the development of Catholic Religious Education that is contextual, critical, and faithful to the Gospel, particularly within the cultural context of the Batak Toba community.